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Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2001) - Togo (2003)
Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2001) z Togo (2003)
| Micronesia, Federated States of (2001) | Togo (2003) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae, Pohnpei, Yap | 5 regions (regions, singular - region); De La Kara, Des Plateaux, Des Savanes, Centrale, Maritime |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
0-14 years: 44.5% (male 1,211,252; female 1,203,564)
15-64 years: 53% (male 1,404,763; female 1,473,360) 65 years and over: 2.5% (male 57,535; female 78,825) (2003 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens | coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock; fish |
| Airports | 7 (2000 est.) | 9 (2002) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total: 7
914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 2 (2002) |
| Area | total:
702 sq km land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Truk (Chuuk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae |
total: 56,785 sq km
land: 54,385 sq km water: 2,400 sq km |
| Area - comparative | four times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than West Virginia |
| Background | In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the United States. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid. | French Togoland became Togo in 1960. Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, is Africa's longest-serving head of state. Despite the facade of multiparty elections instituted in the early 1990s, the government continues to be dominated by President EYADEMA, whose Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party has maintained power almost continually since 1967. In addition, Togo has come under fire from international organizations for human rights abuses and is plagued by political unrest. Most bilateral and multilateral aid to Togo remains frozen. |
| Birth rate | - | 35.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$161 million ($69 million less grants) expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.) |
revenues: $232 million
expenditures: $252 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.) |
| Capital | Palikir | Lome |
| Climate | tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage | tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north |
| Coastline | 6,112 km | 56 km |
| Constitution | 10 May 1979 | multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Federated States of Micronesia conventional short form: none former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) abbreviation: FSM |
conventional long form: Togolese Republic
conventional short form: Togo local long form: Republique Togolaise local short form: none former: French Togoland |
| Currency | US dollar (USD) | Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States |
| Death rate | - | 11.51 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Debt - external | $111 million (1997 est.) | $1.4 billion (2000) |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Diane E. WATSON embassy: address NA, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186 |
chief of mission: Ambassador Gregory ENGLE
embassy: Angle Rue Kouenou and Rue 15 Beniglato, Lome mailing address: B. P. 852, Lome telephone: [228] 221 29 91 through 221 29 94 FAX: [228] 221 79 52 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam) |
chief of mission: Ambassador Akoussoulelou BODJONA
chancery: 2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-4212 FAX: [1] (202) 232-3190 |
| Disputes - international | none | in 2001 Benin claimed Togo moved boundary monuments - joint commission presently resurveying the boundary |
| Economic aid - recipient | under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US will provide $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001 | ODA $80 million (2000 est.) |
| Economy - overview | Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remoteness of the location and a lack of adequate facilities hinder development. In 1996, the country experienced a 20% reduction in revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement between the US and Micronesia in which Micronesia receives $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001 - as a result of the second step-down under the agreement. Since these revenues accounted for 57% of consolidated government revenues, reduced Compact funding resulted in a severe depression. While Micronesia's economy appears to have bottomed out in 1999, the country's medium-term economic outlook remains fragile due to likely further reductions in external grants made under the US Compact funding. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth. | This small sub-Saharan economy is heavily dependent on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for 65% of the labor force. Some basic foodstuffs must still be imported. Cocoa, coffee, and cotton generate about 40% of export earnings, with cotton being the most important cash crop. Togo is the world's fourth-largest producer of phosphate, but production fell an estimated 22% in 2002 due to power shortages and the cost of developing new deposits. The government's decade-long effort, supported by the World Bank and the IMF, to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has moved slowly. Progress depends on following through on privatization, increased openness in government financial operations, progress toward legislative elections, and continued support from foreign donors. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 614.5 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 520 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by Ghana (2001) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 101.6 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
fossil fuel: 98.7%
hydro: 1.3% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Totolom 791 m |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Agou 986 m |
| Environment - current issues | overfishing | deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry; air pollution increasing in urban areas |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups | native African (37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre) 99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1% |
| Exchange rates | the US dollar is used | Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 696.99 (2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.7 (1999), 589.95 (1998) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators-at-large for four-year terms; election last held NA May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2003) election results: Leo A. FALCAM elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA% |
chief of state: President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA (since 14 April 1967)
head of government: Prime Minister Koffi SAMA (since 29 June 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president and the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 1 June 2003 (next to be held NA June 2008); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Gnassingbe EYADEMA reelected president; percent of vote - Gnassingbe EYADEMA 57.2%, Emmanuel Akitani BOB 34.1%, Yawovi AGBOYIBO 5.2%, Maurice Dahuku PERE 2.3%, Edem KODJO 1.0% |
| Exports | $73 million (f.o.b., 1996 est.) | NA (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | fish, garments, bananas, black pepper | reexports, cotton, phosphates, coffee, cocoa |
| Exports - partners | Japan, US, Guam | Ghana 17.7%, Benin 13.3%, Burkina Faso 8.2%, Philippines 4.9%, Niger 4.1% (2002) |
| Fiscal year | 1 October - 30 September | calendar year |
| Flag description | light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern | five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $263 million (1999 est.)
note: GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually |
purchasing power parity - $7.594 billion (2002 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
19% industry: 4% services: 77% (1996 est.) |
agriculture: 42%
industry: 21% services: 37% (2001 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $2,000 (1999 est.) | purchasing power parity - $1,400 (2002 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 0.3% (1999 est.) | 2.9% (2002 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 6 55 N, 158 15 E | 8 00 N, 1 10 E |
| Geography - note | four major island groups totaling 607 islands | the country's length allows it to stretch through six distinct geographic regions; climate varies from tropical to savanna |
| Highways | total:
240 km paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1996) |
total: 7,520 km
paved: 2,376 km unpaved: 5,144 km (1999 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | - | transit hub for Nigerian heroin and cocaine traffickers; money laundering not a significant problem |
| Imports | $168 million (c.i.f., 1996 est.) | NA (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages | machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products |
| Imports - partners | US, Japan, Australia | France 21.3%, China 17%, Netherlands 6.5%, Germany 5.3%, UK 4.8%, Italy 4.4% (2002) |
| Independence | 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship) | 27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | tourism, construction, fish processing, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls | phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement; handicrafts, textiles, beverages |
| Infant mortality rate | - | total: 68.73 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 76.58 deaths/1,000 live births female: 60.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.6% (FY98/99) | 4% (2002 est.) |
| International organization participation | ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IMF, Intelsat, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIPONUH, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 3 (2001) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 70 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme |
| Labor force | NA | 1.74 million (1996) |
| Labor force - by occupation | two-thirds are government employees | agriculture 65%, industry 5%, services 30% (1998 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total: 1,647 km
border countries: Benin 644 km, Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km |
| Land use | arable land:
NA% permanent crops: NA% permanent pastures: NA% forests and woodland: NA% other: NA% |
arable land: 41.37%
permanent crops: 1.84% other: 56.79% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean | French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north) |
| Legal system | based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws | French-based court system |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each of state - to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population - to serve two-year terms)
elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 2 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2003); elections for two-year term seats last held 6 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14 |
unicameral National Assembly (81 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 27 October 2002 (next NA 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPT 72, RSD 3, UDPS 2, Juvento 2, MOCEP 1, independents 1 note: two opposition parties boycotted the election, the Union of the Forces for Change, and the Action Committee for Renewal |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population: 53.43 years
male: 51.47 years female: 55.45 years (2003 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.) |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 60.9% male: 75.4% female: 46.9% (2003 est.) |
| Location | Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia | Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana |
| Map references | Oceania | Africa |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 30 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 3,918 GRT/3,852 DWT
ships by type: cargo 1, specialized tanker 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Greece 1 (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense | - |
| Military branches | - | Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $23.72 million (FY02) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 1.8% (FY02) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49: 1,270,146 (2003 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49: 666,132 (2003 est.) |
| National holiday | Constitution Day, 10 May (1979) | Independence Day, 27 April (1960) |
| Nationality | noun:
Micronesian(s) adjective: Micronesian; Kosrae(s), Pohnpeian(s), Trukese, Yapese |
noun: Togolese (singular and plural)
adjective: Togolese |
| Natural hazards | typhoons (June to December) | hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts |
| Natural resources | forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals | phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land |
| Net migration rate | - | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | no formal parties | Juvento [Monsilia DJATO]; Movement of the Believers of Peace and Equality or MOCEP [leader NA]; Rally for the Support for Development and Democracy or RSDD [Hanay OLYMPIO]; Rally of the Togolese People or RPT [President Gnassingbe EYADEMA]; Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Gagou KOKOU]
note: Rally of the Togolese People or RPT, led by President EYADEMA, was the only party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991 |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | NA |
| Population | 134,597 (July 2001 est.) | 5,429,299
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | 32% (1989 est.) |
| Population growth rate | - | 2.37% (2003 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen | Kpeme, Lome |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 4 (1998) |
| Radios | NA | - |
| Railways | 0 km | total: 525 km
narrow gauge: 525 km 1.000-m gauge (2002) |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%, other and none 3% | indigenous beliefs 51%, Christian 29%, Muslim 20% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | NA years of age; universal adult |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
adequate system domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
general assessment: fair system based on a network of microwave radio relay routes supplemented by open-wire lines and a mobile cellular system
domestic: microwave radio relay and open-wire lines for conventional system; cellular system has capacity of 10,000 telephones international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Symphonie |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 11,000 (2001) | 25,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | 2,995 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | 2 (1997) | 3 (plus two repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Truk | gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes |
| Total fertility rate | - | 4.97 children born/woman (2003 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 16% (1999 est.) | NA% |
| Waterways | none | 50 km (Mono river) |
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